1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2/*
3 * x86 decoder sanity test - based on test_get_insn.c
4 *
5 * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2009
6 * Copyright (C) Hitachi, Ltd., 2011
7 */
8
9#include <stdlib.h>
10#include <stdio.h>
11#include <string.h>
12#include <assert.h>
13#include <unistd.h>
14#include <sys/types.h>
15#include <sys/stat.h>
16#include <fcntl.h>
17#include <asm/insn.h>
18#include <inat.c>
19#include <insn.c>
20
21/*
22 * Test of instruction analysis against tampering.
23 * Feed random binary to instruction decoder and ensure not to
24 * access out-of-instruction-buffer.
25 */
26
27#define DEFAULT_MAX_ITER 10000
28#define INSN_NOP 0x90
29
30static const char *prog; /* Program name */
31static int verbose; /* Verbosity */
32static int x86_64; /* x86-64 bit mode flag */
33static unsigned int seed; /* Random seed */
34static unsigned long iter_start; /* Start of iteration number */
35static unsigned long iter_end = DEFAULT_MAX_ITER; /* End of iteration number */
36static FILE *input_file; /* Input file name */
37
38static void usage(const char *err)
39{
40 if (err)
41 fprintf(stderr, format: "%s: Error: %s\n\n", prog, err);
42 fprintf(stderr, format: "Usage: %s [-y|-n|-v] [-s seed[,no]] [-m max] [-i input]\n", prog);
43 fprintf(stderr, format: "\t-y 64bit mode\n");
44 fprintf(stderr, format: "\t-n 32bit mode\n");
45 fprintf(stderr, format: "\t-v Verbosity(-vv dumps any decoded result)\n");
46 fprintf(stderr, format: "\t-s Give a random seed (and iteration number)\n");
47 fprintf(stderr, format: "\t-m Give a maximum iteration number\n");
48 fprintf(stderr, format: "\t-i Give an input file with decoded binary\n");
49 exit(status: 1);
50}
51
52static void dump_field(FILE *fp, const char *name, const char *indent,
53 struct insn_field *field)
54{
55 fprintf(stream: fp, format: "%s.%s = {\n", indent, name);
56 fprintf(stream: fp, format: "%s\t.value = %d, bytes[] = {%x, %x, %x, %x},\n",
57 indent, field->value, field->bytes[0], field->bytes[1],
58 field->bytes[2], field->bytes[3]);
59 fprintf(stream: fp, format: "%s\t.got = %d, .nbytes = %d},\n", indent,
60 field->got, field->nbytes);
61}
62
63static void dump_insn(FILE *fp, struct insn *insn)
64{
65 fprintf(stream: fp, format: "Instruction = {\n");
66 dump_field(fp, name: "prefixes", indent: "\t", field: &insn->prefixes);
67 dump_field(fp, name: "rex_prefix", indent: "\t", field: &insn->rex_prefix);
68 dump_field(fp, name: "vex_prefix", indent: "\t", field: &insn->vex_prefix);
69 dump_field(fp, name: "opcode", indent: "\t", field: &insn->opcode);
70 dump_field(fp, name: "modrm", indent: "\t", field: &insn->modrm);
71 dump_field(fp, name: "sib", indent: "\t", field: &insn->sib);
72 dump_field(fp, name: "displacement", indent: "\t", field: &insn->displacement);
73 dump_field(fp, name: "immediate1", indent: "\t", field: &insn->immediate1);
74 dump_field(fp, name: "immediate2", indent: "\t", field: &insn->immediate2);
75 fprintf(stream: fp, format: "\t.attr = %x, .opnd_bytes = %d, .addr_bytes = %d,\n",
76 insn->attr, insn->opnd_bytes, insn->addr_bytes);
77 fprintf(stream: fp, format: "\t.length = %d, .x86_64 = %d, .kaddr = %p}\n",
78 insn->length, insn->x86_64, insn->kaddr);
79}
80
81static void dump_stream(FILE *fp, const char *msg, unsigned long nr_iter,
82 unsigned char *insn_buff, struct insn *insn)
83{
84 int i;
85
86 fprintf(stream: fp, format: "%s:\n", msg);
87
88 dump_insn(fp, insn);
89
90 fprintf(stream: fp, format: "You can reproduce this with below command(s);\n");
91
92 /* Input a decoded instruction sequence directly */
93 fprintf(stream: fp, format: " $ echo ");
94 for (i = 0; i < MAX_INSN_SIZE; i++)
95 fprintf(stream: fp, format: " %02x", insn_buff[i]);
96 fprintf(stream: fp, format: " | %s -i -\n", prog);
97
98 if (!input_file) {
99 fprintf(stream: fp, format: "Or \n");
100 /* Give a seed and iteration number */
101 fprintf(stream: fp, format: " $ %s -s 0x%x,%lu\n", prog, seed, nr_iter);
102 }
103}
104
105static void init_random_seed(void)
106{
107 int fd;
108
109 fd = open(file: "/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
110 if (fd < 0)
111 goto fail;
112
113 if (read(fd: fd, buf: &seed, nbytes: sizeof(seed)) != sizeof(seed))
114 goto fail;
115
116 close(fd: fd);
117 return;
118fail:
119 usage(err: "Failed to open /dev/urandom");
120}
121
122/* Read given instruction sequence from the input file */
123static int read_next_insn(unsigned char *insn_buff)
124{
125 char buf[256] = "", *tmp;
126 int i;
127
128 tmp = fgets(s: buf, n: ARRAY_SIZE(buf), stream: input_file);
129 if (tmp == NULL || feof(stream: input_file))
130 return 0;
131
132 for (i = 0; i < MAX_INSN_SIZE; i++) {
133 insn_buff[i] = (unsigned char)strtoul(nptr: tmp, endptr: &tmp, base: 16);
134 if (*tmp != ' ')
135 break;
136 }
137
138 return i;
139}
140
141static int generate_insn(unsigned char *insn_buff)
142{
143 int i;
144
145 if (input_file)
146 return read_next_insn(insn_buff);
147
148 /* Fills buffer with random binary up to MAX_INSN_SIZE */
149 for (i = 0; i < MAX_INSN_SIZE - 1; i += 2)
150 *(unsigned short *)(&insn_buff[i]) = random() & 0xffff;
151
152 while (i < MAX_INSN_SIZE)
153 insn_buff[i++] = random() & 0xff;
154
155 return i;
156}
157
158static void parse_args(int argc, char **argv)
159{
160 int c;
161 char *tmp = NULL;
162 int set_seed = 0;
163
164 prog = argv[0];
165 while ((c = getopt(argc: argc, argv: argv, shortopts: "ynvs:m:i:")) != -1) {
166 switch (c) {
167 case 'y':
168 x86_64 = 1;
169 break;
170 case 'n':
171 x86_64 = 0;
172 break;
173 case 'v':
174 verbose++;
175 break;
176 case 'i':
177 if (strcmp(s1: "-", s2: optarg) == 0)
178 input_file = stdin;
179 else
180 input_file = fopen(filename: optarg, modes: "r");
181 if (!input_file)
182 usage(err: "Failed to open input file");
183 break;
184 case 's':
185 seed = (unsigned int)strtoul(nptr: optarg, endptr: &tmp, base: 0);
186 if (*tmp == ',') {
187 optarg = tmp + 1;
188 iter_start = strtoul(nptr: optarg, endptr: &tmp, base: 0);
189 }
190 if (*tmp != '\0' || tmp == optarg)
191 usage(err: "Failed to parse seed");
192 set_seed = 1;
193 break;
194 case 'm':
195 iter_end = strtoul(nptr: optarg, endptr: &tmp, base: 0);
196 if (*tmp != '\0' || tmp == optarg)
197 usage(err: "Failed to parse max_iter");
198 break;
199 default:
200 usage(NULL);
201 }
202 }
203
204 /* Check errors */
205 if (iter_end < iter_start)
206 usage(err: "Max iteration number must be bigger than iter-num");
207
208 if (set_seed && input_file)
209 usage(err: "Don't use input file (-i) with random seed (-s)");
210
211 /* Initialize random seed */
212 if (!input_file) {
213 if (!set_seed) /* No seed is given */
214 init_random_seed();
215 srand(seed: seed);
216 }
217}
218
219int main(int argc, char **argv)
220{
221 int insns = 0, ret;
222 struct insn insn;
223 int errors = 0;
224 unsigned long i;
225 unsigned char insn_buff[MAX_INSN_SIZE * 2];
226
227 parse_args(argc, argv);
228
229 /* Prepare stop bytes with NOPs */
230 memset(s: insn_buff + MAX_INSN_SIZE, INSN_NOP, n: MAX_INSN_SIZE);
231
232 for (i = 0; i < iter_end; i++) {
233 if (generate_insn(insn_buff: insn_buff) <= 0)
234 break;
235
236 if (i < iter_start) /* Skip to given iteration number */
237 continue;
238
239 /* Decode an instruction */
240 ret = insn_decode(&insn, insn_buff, sizeof(insn_buff),
241 x86_64 ? INSN_MODE_64 : INSN_MODE_32);
242
243 if (insn.next_byte <= insn.kaddr ||
244 insn.kaddr + MAX_INSN_SIZE < insn.next_byte) {
245 /* Access out-of-range memory */
246 dump_stream(stderr, msg: "Error: Found an access violation", nr_iter: i, insn_buff: insn_buff, insn: &insn);
247 errors++;
248 } else if (verbose && ret < 0)
249 dump_stream(stdout, msg: "Info: Found an undecodable input", nr_iter: i, insn_buff: insn_buff, insn: &insn);
250 else if (verbose >= 2)
251 dump_insn(stdout, insn: &insn);
252 insns++;
253 }
254
255 fprintf(stream: (errors) ? stderr : stdout,
256 format: "%s: %s: decoded and checked %d %s instructions with %d errors (seed:0x%x)\n",
257 prog,
258 (errors) ? "Failure" : "Success",
259 insns,
260 (input_file) ? "given" : "random",
261 errors,
262 seed);
263
264 return errors ? 1 : 0;
265}
266

source code of linux/arch/x86/tools/insn_sanity.c