| 1 | //! Generic hashing support. |
| 2 | //! |
| 3 | //! This module provides a generic way to compute the [hash] of a value. |
| 4 | //! Hashes are most commonly used with [`HashMap`] and [`HashSet`]. |
| 5 | //! |
| 6 | //! [hash]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_function |
| 7 | //! [`HashMap`]: ../../std/collections/struct.HashMap.html |
| 8 | //! [`HashSet`]: ../../std/collections/struct.HashSet.html |
| 9 | //! |
| 10 | //! The simplest way to make a type hashable is to use `#[derive(Hash)]`: |
| 11 | //! |
| 12 | //! # Examples |
| 13 | //! |
| 14 | //! ```rust |
| 15 | //! use std::hash::{DefaultHasher, Hash, Hasher}; |
| 16 | //! |
| 17 | //! #[derive(Hash)] |
| 18 | //! struct Person { |
| 19 | //! id: u32, |
| 20 | //! name: String, |
| 21 | //! phone: u64, |
| 22 | //! } |
| 23 | //! |
| 24 | //! let person1 = Person { |
| 25 | //! id: 5, |
| 26 | //! name: "Janet" .to_string(), |
| 27 | //! phone: 555_666_7777, |
| 28 | //! }; |
| 29 | //! let person2 = Person { |
| 30 | //! id: 5, |
| 31 | //! name: "Bob" .to_string(), |
| 32 | //! phone: 555_666_7777, |
| 33 | //! }; |
| 34 | //! |
| 35 | //! assert!(calculate_hash(&person1) != calculate_hash(&person2)); |
| 36 | //! |
| 37 | //! fn calculate_hash<T: Hash>(t: &T) -> u64 { |
| 38 | //! let mut s = DefaultHasher::new(); |
| 39 | //! t.hash(&mut s); |
| 40 | //! s.finish() |
| 41 | //! } |
| 42 | //! ``` |
| 43 | //! |
| 44 | //! If you need more control over how a value is hashed, you need to implement |
| 45 | //! the [`Hash`] trait: |
| 46 | //! |
| 47 | //! ```rust |
| 48 | //! use std::hash::{DefaultHasher, Hash, Hasher}; |
| 49 | //! |
| 50 | //! struct Person { |
| 51 | //! id: u32, |
| 52 | //! # #[allow (dead_code)] |
| 53 | //! name: String, |
| 54 | //! phone: u64, |
| 55 | //! } |
| 56 | //! |
| 57 | //! impl Hash for Person { |
| 58 | //! fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) { |
| 59 | //! self.id.hash(state); |
| 60 | //! self.phone.hash(state); |
| 61 | //! } |
| 62 | //! } |
| 63 | //! |
| 64 | //! let person1 = Person { |
| 65 | //! id: 5, |
| 66 | //! name: "Janet" .to_string(), |
| 67 | //! phone: 555_666_7777, |
| 68 | //! }; |
| 69 | //! let person2 = Person { |
| 70 | //! id: 5, |
| 71 | //! name: "Bob" .to_string(), |
| 72 | //! phone: 555_666_7777, |
| 73 | //! }; |
| 74 | //! |
| 75 | //! assert_eq!(calculate_hash(&person1), calculate_hash(&person2)); |
| 76 | //! |
| 77 | //! fn calculate_hash<T: Hash>(t: &T) -> u64 { |
| 78 | //! let mut s = DefaultHasher::new(); |
| 79 | //! t.hash(&mut s); |
| 80 | //! s.finish() |
| 81 | //! } |
| 82 | //! ``` |
| 83 | #![stable (feature = "rust1" , since = "1.0.0" )] |
| 84 | |
| 85 | pub(crate) mod random; |
| 86 | |
| 87 | #[stable (feature = "rust1" , since = "1.0.0" )] |
| 88 | pub use core::hash::*; |
| 89 | |
| 90 | #[stable (feature = "std_hash_exports" , since = "1.76.0" )] |
| 91 | pub use self::random::{DefaultHasher, RandomState}; |
| 92 | |