| 1 | // |
| 2 | // Boost.Pointer Container |
| 3 | // |
| 4 | // Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2005. Use, modification and |
| 5 | // distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version |
| 6 | // 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at |
| 7 | // http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) |
| 8 | // |
| 9 | // For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/ptr_container/ |
| 10 | // |
| 11 | |
| 12 | // |
| 13 | // This example is intended to get you started. |
| 14 | // Notice how the smart container |
| 15 | // |
| 16 | // 1. takes ownership of objects |
| 17 | // 2. transfers ownership |
| 18 | // 3. applies indirection to iterators |
| 19 | // 4. clones objects from other smart containers |
| 20 | // |
| 21 | |
| 22 | // |
| 23 | // First we select which container to use. |
| 24 | // |
| 25 | #include <boost/ptr_container/ptr_deque.hpp> |
| 26 | |
| 27 | // |
| 28 | // we need these later in the example |
| 29 | // |
| 30 | #include <boost/assert.hpp> |
| 31 | #include <string> |
| 32 | #include <exception> |
| 33 | |
| 34 | |
| 35 | // |
| 36 | // Then we define a small polymorphic class |
| 37 | // hierarchy. |
| 38 | // |
| 39 | |
| 40 | class animal : boost::noncopyable |
| 41 | { |
| 42 | virtual std::string do_speak() const = 0; |
| 43 | std::string name_; |
| 44 | |
| 45 | protected: |
| 46 | // |
| 47 | // Animals cannot be copied... |
| 48 | // |
| 49 | animal( const animal& r ) : name_( r.name_ ) { } |
| 50 | void operator=( const animal& ); |
| 51 | |
| 52 | private: |
| 53 | // |
| 54 | // ...but due to advances in genetics, we can clone them! |
| 55 | // |
| 56 | |
| 57 | virtual animal* do_clone() const = 0; |
| 58 | |
| 59 | public: |
| 60 | animal( const std::string& name ) : name_(name) { } |
| 61 | virtual ~animal() throw() { } |
| 62 | |
| 63 | std::string speak() const |
| 64 | { |
| 65 | return do_speak(); |
| 66 | } |
| 67 | |
| 68 | std::string name() const |
| 69 | { |
| 70 | return name_; |
| 71 | } |
| 72 | |
| 73 | animal* clone() const |
| 74 | { |
| 75 | return do_clone(); |
| 76 | } |
| 77 | }; |
| 78 | |
| 79 | // |
| 80 | // An animal is still not Clonable. We need this last hook. |
| 81 | // |
| 82 | // Notice that we pass the animal by const reference |
| 83 | // and return by pointer. |
| 84 | // |
| 85 | |
| 86 | animal* new_clone( const animal& a ) |
| 87 | { |
| 88 | return a.clone(); |
| 89 | } |
| 90 | |
| 91 | // |
| 92 | // We do not need to define 'delete_clone()' since |
| 93 | // since the default is to call the default 'operator delete()'. |
| 94 | // |
| 95 | |
| 96 | const std::string muuuh = "Muuuh!" ; |
| 97 | const std::string oiink = "Oiiink" ; |
| 98 | |
| 99 | class cow : public animal |
| 100 | { |
| 101 | virtual std::string do_speak() const |
| 102 | { |
| 103 | return muuuh; |
| 104 | } |
| 105 | |
| 106 | virtual animal* do_clone() const |
| 107 | { |
| 108 | return new cow( *this ); |
| 109 | } |
| 110 | |
| 111 | public: |
| 112 | cow( const std::string& name ) : animal(name) { } |
| 113 | }; |
| 114 | |
| 115 | class pig : public animal |
| 116 | { |
| 117 | virtual std::string do_speak() const |
| 118 | { |
| 119 | return oiink; |
| 120 | } |
| 121 | |
| 122 | virtual animal* do_clone() const |
| 123 | { |
| 124 | return new pig( *this ); |
| 125 | } |
| 126 | |
| 127 | public: |
| 128 | pig( const std::string& name ) : animal(name) { } |
| 129 | }; |
| 130 | |
| 131 | // |
| 132 | // Then we, of course, need a place to put all |
| 133 | // those animals. |
| 134 | // |
| 135 | |
| 136 | class farm |
| 137 | { |
| 138 | // |
| 139 | // This is where the smart containers are handy |
| 140 | // |
| 141 | typedef boost::ptr_deque<animal> barn_type; |
| 142 | barn_type barn; |
| 143 | |
| 144 | #if !defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_SMART_PTR) && !(defined(BOOST_MSVC) && BOOST_MSVC == 1600) && !BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_GCC, < 40600) |
| 145 | typedef std::unique_ptr<barn_type> raii_ptr; |
| 146 | #else |
| 147 | typedef std::auto_ptr<barn_type> raii_ptr; |
| 148 | #endif |
| 149 | |
| 150 | // |
| 151 | // An error type |
| 152 | // |
| 153 | struct farm_trouble : public std::exception { }; |
| 154 | |
| 155 | public: |
| 156 | // |
| 157 | // We would like to make it possible to |
| 158 | // iterate over the animals in the farm |
| 159 | // |
| 160 | typedef barn_type::iterator animal_iterator; |
| 161 | |
| 162 | // |
| 163 | // We also need to count the farm's size... |
| 164 | // |
| 165 | typedef barn_type::size_type size_type; |
| 166 | |
| 167 | // |
| 168 | // And we also want to transfer an animal |
| 169 | // safely around. The easiest way to think |
| 170 | // about '::auto_type' is to imagine a simplified |
| 171 | // 'std::auto_ptr<T>' ... this means you can expect |
| 172 | // |
| 173 | // T* operator->() |
| 174 | // T* release() |
| 175 | // deleting destructor |
| 176 | // |
| 177 | // but not more. |
| 178 | // |
| 179 | typedef barn_type::auto_type animal_transport; |
| 180 | |
| 181 | // |
| 182 | // Create an empty farm. |
| 183 | // |
| 184 | farm() { } |
| 185 | |
| 186 | // |
| 187 | // We need a constructor that can make a new |
| 188 | // farm by cloning a range of animals. |
| 189 | // |
| 190 | farm( animal_iterator begin, animal_iterator end ) |
| 191 | : |
| 192 | // |
| 193 | // Objects are always cloned before insertion |
| 194 | // unless we explicitly add a pointer or |
| 195 | // use 'release()'. Therefore we actually |
| 196 | // clone all animals in the range |
| 197 | // |
| 198 | barn( begin, end ) { } |
| 199 | |
| 200 | // |
| 201 | // ... so we need some other function too |
| 202 | // |
| 203 | |
| 204 | animal_iterator begin() |
| 205 | { |
| 206 | return barn.begin(); |
| 207 | } |
| 208 | |
| 209 | animal_iterator end() |
| 210 | { |
| 211 | return barn.end(); |
| 212 | } |
| 213 | |
| 214 | // |
| 215 | // Here it is quite ok to have an 'animal*' argument. |
| 216 | // The smart container will handle all ownership |
| 217 | // issues. |
| 218 | // |
| 219 | void buy_animal( animal* a ) |
| 220 | { |
| 221 | barn.push_back( x: a ); |
| 222 | } |
| 223 | |
| 224 | // |
| 225 | // The farm can also be in economical trouble and |
| 226 | // therefore be in the need to sell animals. |
| 227 | // |
| 228 | animal_transport sell_animal( animal_iterator to_sell ) |
| 229 | { |
| 230 | if( to_sell == end() ) |
| 231 | throw farm_trouble(); |
| 232 | |
| 233 | // |
| 234 | // Here we remove the animal from the barn, |
| 235 | // but the animal is not deleted yet...it's |
| 236 | // up to the buyer to decide what |
| 237 | // to do with it. |
| 238 | // |
| 239 | return barn.release( where: to_sell ); |
| 240 | } |
| 241 | |
| 242 | // |
| 243 | // How big a farm do we have? |
| 244 | // |
| 245 | size_type size() const |
| 246 | { |
| 247 | return barn.size(); |
| 248 | } |
| 249 | |
| 250 | // |
| 251 | // If things are bad, we might choose to sell all animals :-( |
| 252 | // |
| 253 | raii_ptr sell_farm() |
| 254 | { |
| 255 | return barn.release(); |
| 256 | } |
| 257 | |
| 258 | // |
| 259 | // However, if things are good, we might buy somebody |
| 260 | // else's farm :-) |
| 261 | // |
| 262 | |
| 263 | void buy_farm( raii_ptr other ) |
| 264 | { |
| 265 | // |
| 266 | // This line inserts all the animals from 'other' |
| 267 | // and is guaranteed either to succeed or to have no |
| 268 | // effect |
| 269 | // |
| 270 | barn.transfer( before: barn.end(), // insert new animals at the end |
| 271 | from&: *other ); // we want to transfer all animals, |
| 272 | // so we use the whole container as argument |
| 273 | // |
| 274 | // You might think you would have to do |
| 275 | // |
| 276 | // other.release(); |
| 277 | // |
| 278 | // but '*other' is empty and can go out of scope as it wants |
| 279 | // |
| 280 | BOOST_ASSERT( other->empty() ); |
| 281 | } |
| 282 | |
| 283 | }; // class 'farm'. |
| 284 | |
| 285 | int main() |
| 286 | { |
| 287 | // |
| 288 | // First we make a farm |
| 289 | // |
| 290 | farm animal_farm; |
| 291 | BOOST_ASSERT( animal_farm.size() == 0u ); |
| 292 | |
| 293 | animal_farm.buy_animal( a: new pig("Betty" ) ); |
| 294 | animal_farm.buy_animal( a: new pig("Benny" ) ); |
| 295 | animal_farm.buy_animal( a: new pig("Jeltzin" ) ); |
| 296 | animal_farm.buy_animal( a: new cow("Hanz" ) ); |
| 297 | animal_farm.buy_animal( a: new cow("Mary" ) ); |
| 298 | animal_farm.buy_animal( a: new cow("Frederik" ) ); |
| 299 | BOOST_ASSERT( animal_farm.size() == 6u ); |
| 300 | |
| 301 | // |
| 302 | // Then we make another farm...it will actually contain |
| 303 | // a clone of the other farm. |
| 304 | // |
| 305 | farm new_farm( animal_farm.begin(), animal_farm.end() ); |
| 306 | BOOST_ASSERT( new_farm.size() == 6u ); |
| 307 | |
| 308 | // |
| 309 | // Is it really clones in the new farm? |
| 310 | // |
| 311 | BOOST_ASSERT( new_farm.begin()->name() == "Betty" ); |
| 312 | |
| 313 | // |
| 314 | // Then we search for an animal, Mary (the Crown Princess of Denmark), |
| 315 | // because we would like to buy her ... |
| 316 | // |
| 317 | typedef farm::animal_iterator iterator; |
| 318 | iterator to_sell; |
| 319 | for( iterator i = animal_farm.begin(), |
| 320 | end = animal_farm.end(); |
| 321 | i != end; ++i ) |
| 322 | { |
| 323 | if( i->name() == "Mary" ) |
| 324 | { |
| 325 | to_sell = i; |
| 326 | break; |
| 327 | } |
| 328 | } |
| 329 | |
| 330 | farm::animal_transport mary = animal_farm.sell_animal( to_sell ); |
| 331 | |
| 332 | |
| 333 | if( mary->speak() == muuuh ) |
| 334 | // |
| 335 | // Great, Mary is a cow, and she may live longer |
| 336 | // |
| 337 | new_farm.buy_animal( a: mary.release() ); |
| 338 | else |
| 339 | // |
| 340 | // Then the animal would be destroyed (!) |
| 341 | // when we go out of scope. |
| 342 | // |
| 343 | ; |
| 344 | |
| 345 | // |
| 346 | // Now we can observe some changes to the two farms... |
| 347 | // |
| 348 | BOOST_ASSERT( animal_farm.size() == 5u ); |
| 349 | BOOST_ASSERT( new_farm.size() == 7u ); |
| 350 | |
| 351 | // |
| 352 | // The new farm has however underestimated how much |
| 353 | // it cost to feed Mary and its owner is forced to sell the farm... |
| 354 | // |
| 355 | animal_farm.buy_farm( other: new_farm.sell_farm() ); |
| 356 | |
| 357 | BOOST_ASSERT( new_farm.size() == 0u ); |
| 358 | BOOST_ASSERT( animal_farm.size() == 12u ); |
| 359 | } |
| 360 | |