1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note */
2#ifndef USER_BLK_DRV_CMD_INC_H
3#define USER_BLK_DRV_CMD_INC_H
4
5#include <linux/types.h>
6
7/* ublk server command definition */
8
9/*
10 * Admin commands, issued by ublk server, and handled by ublk driver.
11 *
12 * Legacy command definition, don't use in new application, and don't
13 * add new such definition any more
14 */
15#define UBLK_CMD_GET_QUEUE_AFFINITY 0x01
16#define UBLK_CMD_GET_DEV_INFO 0x02
17#define UBLK_CMD_ADD_DEV 0x04
18#define UBLK_CMD_DEL_DEV 0x05
19#define UBLK_CMD_START_DEV 0x06
20#define UBLK_CMD_STOP_DEV 0x07
21#define UBLK_CMD_SET_PARAMS 0x08
22#define UBLK_CMD_GET_PARAMS 0x09
23#define UBLK_CMD_START_USER_RECOVERY 0x10
24#define UBLK_CMD_END_USER_RECOVERY 0x11
25#define UBLK_CMD_GET_DEV_INFO2 0x12
26
27/* Any new ctrl command should encode by __IO*() */
28#define UBLK_U_CMD_GET_QUEUE_AFFINITY \
29 _IOR('u', UBLK_CMD_GET_QUEUE_AFFINITY, struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd)
30#define UBLK_U_CMD_GET_DEV_INFO \
31 _IOR('u', UBLK_CMD_GET_DEV_INFO, struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd)
32#define UBLK_U_CMD_ADD_DEV \
33 _IOWR('u', UBLK_CMD_ADD_DEV, struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd)
34#define UBLK_U_CMD_DEL_DEV \
35 _IOWR('u', UBLK_CMD_DEL_DEV, struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd)
36#define UBLK_U_CMD_START_DEV \
37 _IOWR('u', UBLK_CMD_START_DEV, struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd)
38#define UBLK_U_CMD_STOP_DEV \
39 _IOWR('u', UBLK_CMD_STOP_DEV, struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd)
40#define UBLK_U_CMD_SET_PARAMS \
41 _IOWR('u', UBLK_CMD_SET_PARAMS, struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd)
42#define UBLK_U_CMD_GET_PARAMS \
43 _IOR('u', UBLK_CMD_GET_PARAMS, struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd)
44#define UBLK_U_CMD_START_USER_RECOVERY \
45 _IOWR('u', UBLK_CMD_START_USER_RECOVERY, struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd)
46#define UBLK_U_CMD_END_USER_RECOVERY \
47 _IOWR('u', UBLK_CMD_END_USER_RECOVERY, struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd)
48#define UBLK_U_CMD_GET_DEV_INFO2 \
49 _IOR('u', UBLK_CMD_GET_DEV_INFO2, struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd)
50#define UBLK_U_CMD_GET_FEATURES \
51 _IOR('u', 0x13, struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd)
52
53/*
54 * 64bits are enough now, and it should be easy to extend in case of
55 * running out of feature flags
56 */
57#define UBLK_FEATURES_LEN 8
58
59/*
60 * IO commands, issued by ublk server, and handled by ublk driver.
61 *
62 * FETCH_REQ: issued via sqe(URING_CMD) beforehand for fetching IO request
63 * from ublk driver, should be issued only when starting device. After
64 * the associated cqe is returned, request's tag can be retrieved via
65 * cqe->userdata.
66 *
67 * COMMIT_AND_FETCH_REQ: issued via sqe(URING_CMD) after ublkserver handled
68 * this IO request, request's handling result is committed to ublk
69 * driver, meantime FETCH_REQ is piggyback, and FETCH_REQ has to be
70 * handled before completing io request.
71 *
72 * NEED_GET_DATA: only used for write requests to set io addr and copy data
73 * When NEED_GET_DATA is set, ublksrv has to issue UBLK_IO_NEED_GET_DATA
74 * command after ublk driver returns UBLK_IO_RES_NEED_GET_DATA.
75 *
76 * It is only used if ublksrv set UBLK_F_NEED_GET_DATA flag
77 * while starting a ublk device.
78 */
79
80/*
81 * Legacy IO command definition, don't use in new application, and don't
82 * add new such definition any more
83 */
84#define UBLK_IO_FETCH_REQ 0x20
85#define UBLK_IO_COMMIT_AND_FETCH_REQ 0x21
86#define UBLK_IO_NEED_GET_DATA 0x22
87
88/* Any new IO command should encode by __IOWR() */
89#define UBLK_U_IO_FETCH_REQ \
90 _IOWR('u', UBLK_IO_FETCH_REQ, struct ublksrv_io_cmd)
91#define UBLK_U_IO_COMMIT_AND_FETCH_REQ \
92 _IOWR('u', UBLK_IO_COMMIT_AND_FETCH_REQ, struct ublksrv_io_cmd)
93#define UBLK_U_IO_NEED_GET_DATA \
94 _IOWR('u', UBLK_IO_NEED_GET_DATA, struct ublksrv_io_cmd)
95
96/* only ABORT means that no re-fetch */
97#define UBLK_IO_RES_OK 0
98#define UBLK_IO_RES_NEED_GET_DATA 1
99#define UBLK_IO_RES_ABORT (-ENODEV)
100
101#define UBLKSRV_CMD_BUF_OFFSET 0
102#define UBLKSRV_IO_BUF_OFFSET 0x80000000
103
104/* tag bit is 16bit, so far limit at most 4096 IOs for each queue */
105#define UBLK_MAX_QUEUE_DEPTH 4096
106
107/* single IO buffer max size is 32MB */
108#define UBLK_IO_BUF_OFF 0
109#define UBLK_IO_BUF_BITS 25
110#define UBLK_IO_BUF_BITS_MASK ((1ULL << UBLK_IO_BUF_BITS) - 1)
111
112/* so at most 64K IOs for each queue */
113#define UBLK_TAG_OFF UBLK_IO_BUF_BITS
114#define UBLK_TAG_BITS 16
115#define UBLK_TAG_BITS_MASK ((1ULL << UBLK_TAG_BITS) - 1)
116
117/* max 4096 queues */
118#define UBLK_QID_OFF (UBLK_TAG_OFF + UBLK_TAG_BITS)
119#define UBLK_QID_BITS 12
120#define UBLK_QID_BITS_MASK ((1ULL << UBLK_QID_BITS) - 1)
121
122#define UBLK_MAX_NR_QUEUES (1U << UBLK_QID_BITS)
123
124#define UBLKSRV_IO_BUF_TOTAL_BITS (UBLK_QID_OFF + UBLK_QID_BITS)
125#define UBLKSRV_IO_BUF_TOTAL_SIZE (1ULL << UBLKSRV_IO_BUF_TOTAL_BITS)
126
127/*
128 * zero copy requires 4k block size, and can remap ublk driver's io
129 * request into ublksrv's vm space
130 */
131#define UBLK_F_SUPPORT_ZERO_COPY (1ULL << 0)
132
133/*
134 * Force to complete io cmd via io_uring_cmd_complete_in_task so that
135 * performance comparison is done easily with using task_work_add
136 */
137#define UBLK_F_URING_CMD_COMP_IN_TASK (1ULL << 1)
138
139/*
140 * User should issue io cmd again for write requests to
141 * set io buffer address and copy data from bio vectors
142 * to the userspace io buffer.
143 *
144 * In this mode, task_work is not used.
145 */
146#define UBLK_F_NEED_GET_DATA (1UL << 2)
147
148#define UBLK_F_USER_RECOVERY (1UL << 3)
149
150#define UBLK_F_USER_RECOVERY_REISSUE (1UL << 4)
151
152/*
153 * Unprivileged user can create /dev/ublkcN and /dev/ublkbN.
154 *
155 * /dev/ublk-control needs to be available for unprivileged user, and it
156 * can be done via udev rule to make all control commands available to
157 * unprivileged user. Except for the command of UBLK_CMD_ADD_DEV, all
158 * other commands are only allowed for the owner of the specified device.
159 *
160 * When userspace sends UBLK_CMD_ADD_DEV, the device pair's owner_uid and
161 * owner_gid are stored to ublksrv_ctrl_dev_info by kernel, so far only
162 * the current user's uid/gid is stored, that said owner of the created
163 * device is always the current user.
164 *
165 * We still need udev rule to apply OWNER/GROUP with the stored owner_uid
166 * and owner_gid.
167 *
168 * Then ublk server can be run as unprivileged user, and /dev/ublkbN can
169 * be accessed and managed by its owner represented by owner_uid/owner_gid.
170 */
171#define UBLK_F_UNPRIVILEGED_DEV (1UL << 5)
172
173/* use ioctl encoding for uring command */
174#define UBLK_F_CMD_IOCTL_ENCODE (1UL << 6)
175
176/* Copy between request and user buffer by pread()/pwrite() */
177#define UBLK_F_USER_COPY (1UL << 7)
178
179/*
180 * User space sets this flag when setting up the device to request zoned storage support. Kernel may
181 * deny the request by returning an error.
182 */
183#define UBLK_F_ZONED (1ULL << 8)
184
185/* device state */
186#define UBLK_S_DEV_DEAD 0
187#define UBLK_S_DEV_LIVE 1
188#define UBLK_S_DEV_QUIESCED 2
189
190/* shipped via sqe->cmd of io_uring command */
191struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd {
192 /* sent to which device, must be valid */
193 __u32 dev_id;
194
195 /* sent to which queue, must be -1 if the cmd isn't for queue */
196 __u16 queue_id;
197 /*
198 * cmd specific buffer, can be IN or OUT.
199 */
200 __u16 len;
201 __u64 addr;
202
203 /* inline data */
204 __u64 data[1];
205
206 /*
207 * Used for UBLK_F_UNPRIVILEGED_DEV and UBLK_CMD_GET_DEV_INFO2
208 * only, include null char
209 */
210 __u16 dev_path_len;
211 __u16 pad;
212 __u32 reserved;
213};
214
215struct ublksrv_ctrl_dev_info {
216 __u16 nr_hw_queues;
217 __u16 queue_depth;
218 __u16 state;
219 __u16 pad0;
220
221 __u32 max_io_buf_bytes;
222 __u32 dev_id;
223
224 __s32 ublksrv_pid;
225 __u32 pad1;
226
227 __u64 flags;
228
229 /* For ublksrv internal use, invisible to ublk driver */
230 __u64 ublksrv_flags;
231
232 __u32 owner_uid; /* store by kernel */
233 __u32 owner_gid; /* store by kernel */
234 __u64 reserved1;
235 __u64 reserved2;
236};
237
238#define UBLK_IO_OP_READ 0
239#define UBLK_IO_OP_WRITE 1
240#define UBLK_IO_OP_FLUSH 2
241#define UBLK_IO_OP_DISCARD 3
242#define UBLK_IO_OP_WRITE_SAME 4
243#define UBLK_IO_OP_WRITE_ZEROES 5
244#define UBLK_IO_OP_ZONE_OPEN 10
245#define UBLK_IO_OP_ZONE_CLOSE 11
246#define UBLK_IO_OP_ZONE_FINISH 12
247#define UBLK_IO_OP_ZONE_APPEND 13
248#define UBLK_IO_OP_ZONE_RESET_ALL 14
249#define UBLK_IO_OP_ZONE_RESET 15
250/*
251 * Construct a zone report. The report request is carried in `struct
252 * ublksrv_io_desc`. The `start_sector` field must be the first sector of a zone
253 * and shall indicate the first zone of the report. The `nr_zones` shall
254 * indicate how many zones should be reported at most. The report shall be
255 * delivered as a `struct blk_zone` array. To report fewer zones than requested,
256 * zero the last entry of the returned array.
257 *
258 * Related definitions(blk_zone, blk_zone_cond, blk_zone_type, ...) in
259 * include/uapi/linux/blkzoned.h are part of ublk UAPI.
260 */
261#define UBLK_IO_OP_REPORT_ZONES 18
262
263#define UBLK_IO_F_FAILFAST_DEV (1U << 8)
264#define UBLK_IO_F_FAILFAST_TRANSPORT (1U << 9)
265#define UBLK_IO_F_FAILFAST_DRIVER (1U << 10)
266#define UBLK_IO_F_META (1U << 11)
267#define UBLK_IO_F_FUA (1U << 13)
268#define UBLK_IO_F_NOUNMAP (1U << 15)
269#define UBLK_IO_F_SWAP (1U << 16)
270
271/*
272 * io cmd is described by this structure, and stored in share memory, indexed
273 * by request tag.
274 *
275 * The data is stored by ublk driver, and read by ublksrv after one fetch command
276 * returns.
277 */
278struct ublksrv_io_desc {
279 /* op: bit 0-7, flags: bit 8-31 */
280 __u32 op_flags;
281
282 union {
283 __u32 nr_sectors;
284 __u32 nr_zones; /* for UBLK_IO_OP_REPORT_ZONES */
285 };
286
287 /* start sector for this io */
288 __u64 start_sector;
289
290 /* buffer address in ublksrv daemon vm space, from ublk driver */
291 __u64 addr;
292};
293
294static inline __u8 ublksrv_get_op(const struct ublksrv_io_desc *iod)
295{
296 return iod->op_flags & 0xff;
297}
298
299static inline __u32 ublksrv_get_flags(const struct ublksrv_io_desc *iod)
300{
301 return iod->op_flags >> 8;
302}
303
304/* issued to ublk driver via /dev/ublkcN */
305struct ublksrv_io_cmd {
306 __u16 q_id;
307
308 /* for fetch/commit which result */
309 __u16 tag;
310
311 /* io result, it is valid for COMMIT* command only */
312 __s32 result;
313
314 union {
315 /*
316 * userspace buffer address in ublksrv daemon process, valid for
317 * FETCH* command only
318 *
319 * `addr` should not be used when UBLK_F_USER_COPY is enabled,
320 * because userspace handles data copy by pread()/pwrite() over
321 * /dev/ublkcN. But in case of UBLK_F_ZONED, this union is
322 * re-used to pass back the allocated LBA for
323 * UBLK_IO_OP_ZONE_APPEND which actually depends on
324 * UBLK_F_USER_COPY
325 */
326 __u64 addr;
327 __u64 zone_append_lba;
328 };
329};
330
331struct ublk_param_basic {
332#define UBLK_ATTR_READ_ONLY (1 << 0)
333#define UBLK_ATTR_ROTATIONAL (1 << 1)
334#define UBLK_ATTR_VOLATILE_CACHE (1 << 2)
335#define UBLK_ATTR_FUA (1 << 3)
336 __u32 attrs;
337 __u8 logical_bs_shift;
338 __u8 physical_bs_shift;
339 __u8 io_opt_shift;
340 __u8 io_min_shift;
341
342 __u32 max_sectors;
343 __u32 chunk_sectors;
344
345 __u64 dev_sectors;
346 __u64 virt_boundary_mask;
347};
348
349struct ublk_param_discard {
350 __u32 discard_alignment;
351
352 __u32 discard_granularity;
353 __u32 max_discard_sectors;
354
355 __u32 max_write_zeroes_sectors;
356 __u16 max_discard_segments;
357 __u16 reserved0;
358};
359
360/*
361 * read-only, can't set via UBLK_CMD_SET_PARAMS, disk_devt is available
362 * after device is started
363 */
364struct ublk_param_devt {
365 __u32 char_major;
366 __u32 char_minor;
367 __u32 disk_major;
368 __u32 disk_minor;
369};
370
371struct ublk_param_zoned {
372 __u32 max_open_zones;
373 __u32 max_active_zones;
374 __u32 max_zone_append_sectors;
375 __u8 reserved[20];
376};
377
378struct ublk_params {
379 /*
380 * Total length of parameters, userspace has to set 'len' for both
381 * SET_PARAMS and GET_PARAMS command, and driver may update len
382 * if two sides use different version of 'ublk_params', same with
383 * 'types' fields.
384 */
385 __u32 len;
386#define UBLK_PARAM_TYPE_BASIC (1 << 0)
387#define UBLK_PARAM_TYPE_DISCARD (1 << 1)
388#define UBLK_PARAM_TYPE_DEVT (1 << 2)
389#define UBLK_PARAM_TYPE_ZONED (1 << 3)
390 __u32 types; /* types of parameter included */
391
392 struct ublk_param_basic basic;
393 struct ublk_param_discard discard;
394 struct ublk_param_devt devt;
395 struct ublk_param_zoned zoned;
396};
397
398#endif
399

source code of linux/include/uapi/linux/ublk_cmd.h