| 1 | #include <assert.h> |
| 2 | #include <cstring> |
| 3 | #include <iostream> |
| 4 | #include <mutex> |
| 5 | #include <string.h> |
| 6 | #include <sys/wait.h> |
| 7 | #include <thread> |
| 8 | #include <unistd.h> |
| 9 | #include <vector> |
| 10 | |
| 11 | pid_t g_pid = 0; |
| 12 | std::mutex g_child_pids_mutex; |
| 13 | std::vector<pid_t> g_child_pids; |
| 14 | |
| 15 | const char *g_program = nullptr; |
| 16 | bool g_use_vfork = true; // Use vfork by default. |
| 17 | bool g_call_exec = false; // Does not call exec by default. |
| 18 | |
| 19 | int call_vfork(int index) { |
| 20 | pid_t child_pid = 0; |
| 21 | if (g_use_vfork) { |
| 22 | child_pid = vfork(); |
| 23 | } else { |
| 24 | child_pid = fork(); |
| 25 | } |
| 26 | |
| 27 | if (child_pid == -1) { |
| 28 | // Error handling |
| 29 | perror(s: "vfork" ); |
| 30 | return 1; |
| 31 | } else if (child_pid == 0) { |
| 32 | // This code is executed by the child process |
| 33 | g_pid = getpid(); |
| 34 | printf(format: "Child process: %d\n" , g_pid); |
| 35 | |
| 36 | if (g_call_exec) { |
| 37 | std::string child_exit_code = std::to_string(val: index + 10); |
| 38 | execl(path: g_program, arg: g_program, "--child" , child_exit_code.c_str(), NULL); |
| 39 | } else { |
| 40 | _exit(status: index + 10); |
| 41 | } |
| 42 | } else { |
| 43 | // This code is executed by the parent process |
| 44 | printf(format: "[Parent] Forked process id: %d\n" , child_pid); |
| 45 | } |
| 46 | return 0; |
| 47 | } |
| 48 | |
| 49 | void wait_all_children_to_exit() { |
| 50 | std::lock_guard<std::mutex> Lock(g_child_pids_mutex); |
| 51 | for (pid_t child_pid : g_child_pids) { |
| 52 | int child_status = 0; |
| 53 | pid_t pid = waitpid(pid: child_pid, stat_loc: &child_status, options: 0); |
| 54 | if (child_status != 0) { |
| 55 | int exit_code = WEXITSTATUS(child_status); |
| 56 | if (exit_code > 15 || exit_code < 10) { |
| 57 | printf(format: "Error: child process exits with unexpected code %d\n" , |
| 58 | exit_code); |
| 59 | _exit(status: 1); // This will let our program know that some child processes |
| 60 | // didn't exist with an expected exit status. |
| 61 | } |
| 62 | } |
| 63 | if (pid != child_pid) |
| 64 | _exit(status: 2); // This will let our program know it didn't succeed |
| 65 | } |
| 66 | } |
| 67 | |
| 68 | void create_threads(int num_threads) { |
| 69 | std::vector<std::thread> threads; |
| 70 | for (int i = 0; i < num_threads; ++i) { |
| 71 | threads.emplace_back(args: std::thread(call_vfork, i)); |
| 72 | } |
| 73 | printf(format: "Created %d threads, joining...\n" , |
| 74 | num_threads); // end_of_create_threads |
| 75 | for (auto &thread : threads) { |
| 76 | thread.join(); |
| 77 | } |
| 78 | wait_all_children_to_exit(); |
| 79 | } |
| 80 | |
| 81 | // Can be called in various ways: |
| 82 | // 1. [program]: use vfork and not call exec |
| 83 | // 2. [program] --fork: use fork and not call exec |
| 84 | // 3. [program] --fork --exec: use fork and call exec |
| 85 | // 4. [program] --exec: use vfork and call exec |
| 86 | // 5. [program] --child [exit_code]: child process |
| 87 | int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { |
| 88 | g_pid = getpid(); |
| 89 | g_program = argv[0]; |
| 90 | |
| 91 | for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) { |
| 92 | if (strcmp(s1: argv[i], s2: "--child" ) == 0) { |
| 93 | assert(i + 1 < argc); |
| 94 | int child_exit_code = std::stoi(str: argv[i + 1]); |
| 95 | printf(format: "Child process: %d, exiting with code %d\n" , g_pid, |
| 96 | child_exit_code); |
| 97 | _exit(status: child_exit_code); |
| 98 | } else if (strcmp(s1: argv[i], s2: "--fork" ) == 0) |
| 99 | g_use_vfork = false; |
| 100 | else if (strcmp(s1: argv[i], s2: "--exec" ) == 0) |
| 101 | g_call_exec = true; |
| 102 | } |
| 103 | |
| 104 | int num_threads = 5; // break here |
| 105 | create_threads(num_threads); |
| 106 | return 0; |
| 107 | } |
| 108 | |