| 1 | /* |
| 2 | Name: pi.c |
| 3 | Purpose: Computes digits of the physical constant pi. |
| 4 | Author: M. J. Fromberger |
| 5 | |
| 6 | Copyright (C) 2002-2008 Michael J. Fromberger, All Rights Reserved. |
| 7 | |
| 8 | Notes: |
| 9 | Uses Machin's formula, which should be suitable for a few thousand digits. |
| 10 | |
| 11 | Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy |
| 12 | of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal |
| 13 | in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights |
| 14 | to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell |
| 15 | copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is |
| 16 | furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: |
| 17 | |
| 18 | The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in |
| 19 | all copies or substantial portions of the Software. |
| 20 | |
| 21 | THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR |
| 22 | IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, |
| 23 | FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE |
| 24 | AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER |
| 25 | LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, |
| 26 | OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE |
| 27 | SOFTWARE. |
| 28 | */ |
| 29 | |
| 30 | #include <stdio.h> |
| 31 | #include <stdlib.h> |
| 32 | #include <string.h> |
| 33 | #include <time.h> |
| 34 | |
| 35 | #include "imath.h" |
| 36 | |
| 37 | int g_radix = 10; /* use this radix for output */ |
| 38 | |
| 39 | mp_result arctan(mp_small radix, mp_small mul, mp_small x, mp_small prec, |
| 40 | mp_int sum); |
| 41 | |
| 42 | char g_buf[4096]; |
| 43 | |
| 44 | int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { |
| 45 | mp_result res; |
| 46 | mpz_t sum1, sum2; |
| 47 | int ndigits, out = 0; |
| 48 | clock_t start, end; |
| 49 | |
| 50 | if (argc < 2) { |
| 51 | fprintf(stderr, format: "Usage: %s <num-digits> [<radix>]\n" , argv[0]); |
| 52 | return 1; |
| 53 | } |
| 54 | |
| 55 | if ((ndigits = abs(x: atoi(nptr: argv[1]))) == 0) { |
| 56 | fprintf(stderr, format: "%s: you must request at least 1 digit\n" , argv[0]); |
| 57 | return 1; |
| 58 | } else if ((mp_word)ndigits > MP_DIGIT_MAX) { |
| 59 | fprintf(stderr, format: "%s: you may request at most %u digits\n" , argv[0], |
| 60 | (unsigned int)MP_DIGIT_MAX); |
| 61 | return 1; |
| 62 | } |
| 63 | |
| 64 | if (argc > 2) { |
| 65 | int radix = atoi(nptr: argv[2]); |
| 66 | |
| 67 | if (radix < MP_MIN_RADIX || radix > MP_MAX_RADIX) { |
| 68 | fprintf(stderr, format: "%s: you may only specify a radix between %d and %d\n" , |
| 69 | argv[0], MP_MIN_RADIX, MP_MAX_RADIX); |
| 70 | return 1; |
| 71 | } |
| 72 | g_radix = radix; |
| 73 | } |
| 74 | |
| 75 | mp_int_init(z: &sum1); |
| 76 | mp_int_init(z: &sum2); |
| 77 | start = clock(); |
| 78 | |
| 79 | /* sum1 = 16 * arctan(1/5) */ |
| 80 | if ((res = arctan(radix: g_radix, mul: 16, x: 5, prec: ndigits, sum: &sum1)) != MP_OK) { |
| 81 | fprintf(stderr, format: "%s: error computing arctan: %d\n" , argv[0], res); |
| 82 | out = 1; |
| 83 | goto CLEANUP; |
| 84 | } |
| 85 | |
| 86 | /* sum2 = 4 * arctan(1/239) */ |
| 87 | if ((res = arctan(radix: g_radix, mul: 4, x: 239, prec: ndigits, sum: &sum2)) != MP_OK) { |
| 88 | fprintf(stderr, format: "%s: error computing arctan: %d\n" , argv[0], res); |
| 89 | out = 1; |
| 90 | goto CLEANUP; |
| 91 | } |
| 92 | |
| 93 | /* pi = sum1 - sum2 */ |
| 94 | if ((res = mp_int_sub(a: &sum1, b: &sum2, c: &sum1)) != MP_OK) { |
| 95 | fprintf(stderr, format: "%s: error computing pi: %d\n" , argv[0], res); |
| 96 | out = 1; |
| 97 | goto CLEANUP; |
| 98 | } |
| 99 | end = clock(); |
| 100 | |
| 101 | mp_int_to_string(z: &sum1, radix: g_radix, str: g_buf, limit: sizeof(g_buf)); |
| 102 | printf(format: "%c.%s\n" , g_buf[0], g_buf + 1); |
| 103 | |
| 104 | fprintf(stderr, format: "Computation took %.2f sec.\n" , |
| 105 | (double)(end - start) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC); |
| 106 | |
| 107 | CLEANUP: |
| 108 | mp_int_clear(z: &sum1); |
| 109 | mp_int_clear(z: &sum2); |
| 110 | |
| 111 | return out; |
| 112 | } |
| 113 | |
| 114 | /* |
| 115 | Compute mul * atan(1/x) to prec digits of precision, and store the |
| 116 | result in sum. |
| 117 | |
| 118 | Computes atan(1/x) using the formula: |
| 119 | |
| 120 | 1 1 1 1 |
| 121 | atan(1/x) = --- - ---- + ---- - ---- + ... |
| 122 | x 3x^3 5x^5 7x^7 |
| 123 | |
| 124 | */ |
| 125 | mp_result arctan(mp_small radix, mp_small mul, mp_small x, mp_small prec, |
| 126 | mp_int sum) { |
| 127 | mpz_t t, v; |
| 128 | mp_result res; |
| 129 | mp_small rem, sign = 1, coeff = 1; |
| 130 | |
| 131 | mp_int_init(z: &t); |
| 132 | mp_int_init(z: &v); |
| 133 | ++prec; |
| 134 | |
| 135 | /* Compute mul * radix^prec * x |
| 136 | The initial multiplication by x saves a special case in the loop for |
| 137 | the first term of the series. |
| 138 | */ |
| 139 | if ((res = mp_int_expt_value(a: radix, b: prec, c: &t)) != MP_OK || |
| 140 | (res = mp_int_mul_value(a: &t, value: mul, c: &t)) != MP_OK || |
| 141 | (res = mp_int_mul_value(a: &t, value: x, c: &t)) != MP_OK) |
| 142 | goto CLEANUP; |
| 143 | |
| 144 | x *= x; /* assumes x <= sqrt(MP_SMALL_MAX) */ |
| 145 | mp_int_zero(z: sum); |
| 146 | |
| 147 | do { |
| 148 | if ((res = mp_int_div_value(a: &t, value: x, q: &t, r: &rem)) != MP_OK) goto CLEANUP; |
| 149 | |
| 150 | if ((res = mp_int_div_value(a: &t, value: coeff, q: &v, r: &rem)) != MP_OK) goto CLEANUP; |
| 151 | |
| 152 | /* Add or subtract the result depending on the current sign (1 = add) */ |
| 153 | if (sign > 0) |
| 154 | res = mp_int_add(a: sum, b: &v, c: sum); |
| 155 | else |
| 156 | res = mp_int_sub(a: sum, b: &v, c: sum); |
| 157 | |
| 158 | if (res != MP_OK) goto CLEANUP; |
| 159 | sign = -sign; |
| 160 | coeff += 2; |
| 161 | |
| 162 | } while (mp_int_compare_zero(z: &t) != 0); |
| 163 | |
| 164 | res = mp_int_div_value(a: sum, value: radix, q: sum, NULL); |
| 165 | |
| 166 | CLEANUP: |
| 167 | mp_int_clear(z: &v); |
| 168 | mp_int_clear(z: &t); |
| 169 | |
| 170 | return res; |
| 171 | } |
| 172 | |
| 173 | /* Here there be dragons */ |
| 174 | |